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Compliance & Tax

Gift & Estate Tax Valuation

IRS-compliant valuations for wealth transfer, succession planning, and tax reporting.

IRS Qualified Appraisals
100% Defensible
Form 709 Ready Documentation

What is Gift & Estate Tax Valuation?

When transferring ownership interests in a privately-held business—whether through lifetime gifts or at death—the IRS requires fair market value to be established by a qualified appraisal. These valuations determine the taxable value of the transfer and directly impact gift and estate tax liability.

The IRS defines fair market value as "the price at which property would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, neither being under any compulsion to buy or sell and both having reasonable knowledge of relevant facts."

Valuation discounts can significantly reduce tax liability. Minority interest discounts and lack of marketability discounts are commonly applied, but must be properly supported to withstand IRS scrutiny.

Common Valuation Discounts

  • Lack of control (minority) — 15-40%
  • Lack of marketability — 15-35%
  • Combined discounts — can exceed 40%
  • Built-in gains — C-corp embedded taxes

When Do You Need Gift & Estate Valuation?

Wealth transfer events requiring IRS-compliant valuations

Lifetime Gifts

Transferring business interests to family members during your lifetime requires valuation for Form 709 (Gift Tax Return) reporting.

Estate Settlement

At death, business interests must be valued for Form 706 (Estate Tax Return) to determine estate tax liability.

Family Limited Partnerships

FLP and LLC structures for estate planning require valuation of limited partnership interests with appropriate discounts.

Business Succession

Transferring a business to the next generation—through gifts, sales, or trusts—requires defensible valuation.

Charitable Contributions

Donating business interests to charity requires a qualified appraisal for tax deduction purposes.

GRATs and IDGTs

Grantor Retained Annuity Trusts and Intentionally Defective Grantor Trusts require valuation for funding and tax compliance.

Our Valuation Approach

IRS-compliant methodology with defensible conclusions

01

Planning Coordination

We work with your estate planning attorney and CPA to understand the transfer structure and ensure our valuation supports the overall plan.

02

Due Diligence

We gather financial statements, tax returns, organizational documents, and conduct management interviews to understand the business.

03

Enterprise Valuation

We determine the total enterprise value using income, market, and asset approaches as appropriate for the business type.

04

Discount Analysis

We analyze and apply appropriate discounts for lack of control and lack of marketability, fully documenting our conclusions with empirical support.

05

Qualified Appraisal Report

We deliver a report meeting IRS qualified appraisal requirements, suitable for attachment to Form 709 or 706.

06

IRS Examination Support

If the IRS questions the valuation, we provide full support—from responding to information requests to testifying if necessary.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a "qualified appraisal"?

The IRS defines specific requirements for qualified appraisals, including appraiser qualifications, report content, and timing. We ensure our reports meet all requirements.

How far in advance should we get a valuation?

The valuation date should be close to the transfer date. We recommend starting 4-6 weeks before the planned transfer to allow time for analysis and report preparation.

Will the IRS challenge our valuation discounts?

The IRS frequently scrutinizes valuation discounts. We support every discount with empirical studies, market data, and specific factors of your interest—creating a defensible position.

What's the difference between gift and estate valuation?

Methodologically similar, but timing differs. Gift valuations are dated when the gift is made; estate valuations are dated at death (or alternate valuation date). Different forms are filed.

Can we use the same valuation for multiple gifts?

A single valuation can support gifts made on or near the valuation date. For gifts spread over time, updated valuations may be needed to reflect changed circumstances.

How do you value S-corps vs. C-corps?

S-corps avoid entity-level taxation, which can increase value. C-corps may warrant built-in gains discounts. We analyze the specific tax attributes of your entity.

Plan Your Wealth Transfer

Protect your transfer with a qualified, defensible valuation.